What type of ICS manages large-scale, multi-site devices and equipment spread over a geographic region from a host computer?

• A. ICS
• B. CAN
• C. Modbus
• D. SCADA

Answer: (D)

Managing large-scale, multi-site devices spread over a geographic region from a host computer is characteristic of a SCADA system. SCADA, or Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, is designed to monitor and control distributed assets like power grids, water treatment plants, and pipelines from a central master station. It places remote devices such as RTUs or PLCs at field sites, collects telemetry, issues control commands, and presents data to operators through an HMI, all over a wide-area network. While ICS is the broad category, and protocols like Modbus or networks like CAN are pieces used within these systems, SCADA specifically describes the architecture and approach for geographically dispersed control from a central host.